Caesarean section rate in Nigeria between 2013 and 2018 by obstetric risk and socioeconomic status

Objectives Caesarean section (CS) can be life-saving for both mother and child, but in Nigeria the CS rate remains low, at 2.7% of births. We aimed to estimate early neonatal mortality according obstetric risk socio-economic background identify factors associated with CS. Methods used 2018 Demographic Health Survey, encompassing 33 924 live births within last 5 years, (ENMR) by group, informed Robson classification. The ENMR were assessed each group stratified background. Logistic regression analyses explore determinants Results Almost three-quarters (72.4%) all multiparous women, a singleton baby normal birthweight, thus low-risk similar 3, 1.0%. rates two high-risk groups (multiple pregnancy preterm/low birthweight) 7.1% (95% CI: 5.2–9.7) 1.8 % 1.4–2.4), respectively. was particularly high multiple (175 per 1000 births; 95% 131–230). Greater number antenatal visits, unwanted pregnancy, household wealth, maternal education, Christians/Others versus Muslims referral during childbirth positively Conclusion Inequitable access is not limited determinants, also related factors, calling increased efforts improve pregnancies.